This is part of the series in Modern Indian History that is added to GS I in the new syllabus.
India as a young nation after Independence had to strive for the Unity of India. The global Intellegentsia was skeptical of the survival of India as the divisive forces and the factors that contribute to fragmentation were largeand they outnumbered the reasons and factors of India's unity and existence. Yet India has withstood the test of time against all odds and is considered by historians and researchers of democracy as an exception as India was reeling under poverty, communal-ism, caste-ism, underdevelopment, linguistic and regional exclusiveness, Inequality etc. We will be considering the factors that unite India in this article.
In spite of the evils of the odds and evils of the colonial legacy, the greatest good that occurred because of the british rule is the unification of India. Never been in the history of India it is dominated, controlled and united by a single power.This was accomplished by the policies off direct annexation, subsidiary alliance,doctrine of lapse etc. This was followed by the administrative and political reforms that gave an all India character to the empire. This completes the political Integration of India. Yet the British introduced the policy of divide and rule so that the entire empire would not rise against the British.
While the British united India politically, It was the struggle against British rule that brought the people from different regions together. With western education the Indian Intelligentsia explored the concept of nation state and popularized it among the masses using vernacular languages.The concept of Bharatavarsha or Hindustan started gaining popularity. The Indian national congress as a movement and as a arty before and after Independence comprised leaders of all India character and brought the people of India together.
In spite of all these the ugly head of communal-ism came to the fore with partition. It was the largest mass migration in Modern world history and not to mention the forceful evictions, communal massacre, looting and dishonor of women belonging to other community that accompanied it.The Indian leaders were quick to learn from the partition and ensured that such a thing never happens again. This reflected in the making of the constitution that had the provision to safeguard the unity of India. These noble ideals are found scattered through out the constitution in the form of fundamental rights, DPSP etc.(Explain the various provisions that safeguard culture, religion etc). These provisions gave a sense of security to the people and forced the people indirectly to stay united.
The ideals of the political parties of the time were all India in character. The Congress encompassed leaders from all regions of the country and the policies that were formulated by the congress were put to intense debate and suggestions from the leaders of different regions were accommodated into the policies. Many a bill had not been finalized due to the opposition in congress itself. Thus the Government policies satisfied the needs of all regions.
The All India services namely IAS and IPS were created and the recruitment of officers to these services and other central services are open to anyone in India. The fact that the recruitment was done by the Union government rather than state governments enabled the union to form a steel framework for the administration of India.
The Industrial development led to the migration of skilled and semiskilled labours throughout India by which the cultures of different people, regions were assimilated into one. This is evident from the thriving metros and Industrial cities of India.
The divisive forces like extremism(both right wing an d left wing), caste-ism are still dominant in India but India has shown that it is capable to overcome these challenges for all time to come.
Aspirants are encouraged to comment, criticise the post so that it caters to the requirements of UPSC main exam.
India as a young nation after Independence had to strive for the Unity of India. The global Intellegentsia was skeptical of the survival of India as the divisive forces and the factors that contribute to fragmentation were largeand they outnumbered the reasons and factors of India's unity and existence. Yet India has withstood the test of time against all odds and is considered by historians and researchers of democracy as an exception as India was reeling under poverty, communal-ism, caste-ism, underdevelopment, linguistic and regional exclusiveness, Inequality etc. We will be considering the factors that unite India in this article.
In spite of the evils of the odds and evils of the colonial legacy, the greatest good that occurred because of the british rule is the unification of India. Never been in the history of India it is dominated, controlled and united by a single power.This was accomplished by the policies off direct annexation, subsidiary alliance,doctrine of lapse etc. This was followed by the administrative and political reforms that gave an all India character to the empire. This completes the political Integration of India. Yet the British introduced the policy of divide and rule so that the entire empire would not rise against the British.
While the British united India politically, It was the struggle against British rule that brought the people from different regions together. With western education the Indian Intelligentsia explored the concept of nation state and popularized it among the masses using vernacular languages.The concept of Bharatavarsha or Hindustan started gaining popularity. The Indian national congress as a movement and as a arty before and after Independence comprised leaders of all India character and brought the people of India together.
In spite of all these the ugly head of communal-ism came to the fore with partition. It was the largest mass migration in Modern world history and not to mention the forceful evictions, communal massacre, looting and dishonor of women belonging to other community that accompanied it.The Indian leaders were quick to learn from the partition and ensured that such a thing never happens again. This reflected in the making of the constitution that had the provision to safeguard the unity of India. These noble ideals are found scattered through out the constitution in the form of fundamental rights, DPSP etc.(Explain the various provisions that safeguard culture, religion etc). These provisions gave a sense of security to the people and forced the people indirectly to stay united.
The ideals of the political parties of the time were all India in character. The Congress encompassed leaders from all regions of the country and the policies that were formulated by the congress were put to intense debate and suggestions from the leaders of different regions were accommodated into the policies. Many a bill had not been finalized due to the opposition in congress itself. Thus the Government policies satisfied the needs of all regions.
The All India services namely IAS and IPS were created and the recruitment of officers to these services and other central services are open to anyone in India. The fact that the recruitment was done by the Union government rather than state governments enabled the union to form a steel framework for the administration of India.
The Industrial development led to the migration of skilled and semiskilled labours throughout India by which the cultures of different people, regions were assimilated into one. This is evident from the thriving metros and Industrial cities of India.
The divisive forces like extremism(both right wing an d left wing), caste-ism are still dominant in India but India has shown that it is capable to overcome these challenges for all time to come.
Aspirants are encouraged to comment, criticise the post so that it caters to the requirements of UPSC main exam.
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